Double tuft pile fabric loom



Apfil'13, 1937- R. G. KNOWLAND 2,076,785

V DOUBLE TUFT FILE FABRIC LOOM Filed April 25, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 er'W ATTORNEY April 13,- 1937.

R. G. KNOWLAND 7 2,076,785-

DOUBLE TUFT FILE FABRIC LOOM Filed April 25, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 AORNEY A ril 13, 1937. R'.'G. KNOWLAND I DOUBLE TUFT PIL April 1937- I R.cs. KNOWLAND 2,076,785-

DOUBLE TUFT FILE FABRIC LQOM Filed April 25, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 l l IATTORNEY MMW' Patented Apr. 13, 1937 PATENT OFFICE 2,076,785 DOUBLE TUFTmu: FABRIC LOOM Richard G. Knowland, Longmeadow, Mass., as signor toBigelow-Sanford Carpet 00., Inc., Thompsonville, Conn., a corporation ofMassachusetts Application April 25, 1932, Serial No. 607,285

Claims.

Woven pile fabrics may be divided into two.

general classes; first, those in which the pile 5 surface is formed bylooping some of the weaving threads over pile wires during the weavingoperation and withdrawing the pile wires to leave a cut or uncut pilesurface; and second, those in which the pile surface is produced by pileforming yarns introduced as tufts into the fabric near the weaving pointfrom an extraneo'us yarn supply.

Pile fabrics of the second class are generally known as tuft pile.fabrics, and may be typified in Axminster carpets or rugs, and thepresent invention relates to a loom construction for weaving two pilefabrics of this second general class face to face.

In weaving pile fabrics of the first class wherein the pile surface isproduced by pile forming warp threads looped about pile wires, it hasbeen a well known practice to produce such fabrics either singly ordouble, but in weaving tuft pile fabrics the problem of weaving a doublefabric in a. single operation presents difficulties due to the fact thatthe pile forming yarn is taken from an extraneous supply and transferredto the weaving point where it must be presented to both webs beingwoven.

The present invention relates to a novel loom construction forintroducing the pile forming tuft yarns in both sheds of the doublefabric and for the inserted pile yarns to loop these ends about theholding wefts.

A more specific feature of the invention -resides in yarn engagingnippers supported for swinging and dipping movement relative to thesheds, and in means for actuating the nippers to clear the adjustablepile bar as the nippers v are swung towards the weaving point and forinserting the nippers through both sheds and then withdrawing them tolay the yarns across the sheds;-and a further feature resides in meansfor manipulating the nippers to fold the pile yarns about a holding shotinto position to be bound in by the next-weft shot.

Other features of the invention and'novel combination of parts inaddition to the above will be hereinafter described in connection withthe accompanying drawings which illustrate one good practical formthereof.

In the drawings:--

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through a loom embodying thefeatures of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of parts of the loom of Fi 1;

Fig. 3 is a front view of the yarn nippers and cooperating parts;

opening and closing the nippers;

Fig. 5 on a larger scale is a sectional view taken on the line 5.5 ofFig. 3; p g Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view through the nippers ofFig. 3; I

Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal sectional'view through parts of theloom adjacent the weaving point and shows a tuft pile'yarn beingadvanced by thenippers toward the yarn inserting position; p

Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the yarn carried downwardly through thesheds by the nippers: l a

Fig. 9 is a similar .view showing the nippers elevated to lay the yarnacross the sheds;

Fig. 10 is a similar :view showing the means for looping the ends of theyarns around the holding shots; I v

Fig. ll is a similar view showing the tuft forming yarn secured in placeby binding shots; and

Fig. 12 is an enlarged side sectional elevation showing the warp beamsand lead of the warp threads. 7

' The loom shown in the drawings is of the general Axminster type exceptas modified in accordance with the present invention to weave a doubletuft pile fabric, and only so much of the loom is shown as is requiredfor a complete disclosure of the invention to one experienced in the artof Axminster weaving.

The loom frame I may be given any appropriate construction for thesupport of the operating parts, and extending upwardly therefrom are thestandards 2 which support appropriate brackets 3 for the usual carrierchains 4 and their operating mechanism. The chains 4 carry the tubeframes 5 and are advanced step by step as is usual in Axminster looms toadvance the tube frames in the desired order to the yarn,

- Fig. 4 is an elevation view of mechanism for transfer point. Theyarns, may'be transferred from this point by employing nippers to carryloom'by' making comparatively few changes in this type of loom, as willbe apparent from the foregoing.

It has been customary heretofore to provide the nipper type Axminsterloom with a fabric rest plate 8 for use when the pile fabric is wovenfaceup, and these looms have in some cases also been provided with aplate or pile bar I for use when the fabric is woven face down, it beingintended, in such prior constructions, that one or the other of theseplates be used upon the loom but not both at the same time.

This prior loom construction, however, is well adapted for use incarrying put the present invention, for byemploying both plates 6 and Iatthe same time and mounting them upon the loom frame the properdistance apart. double tuft pile fabrics of the desired thickness may bewoven. The plates 6 and I are preferably provided with the blades 8 and!adapted to support I The double fabric as woven is drawn forward overthe breast beam II by thespike or take-up rolls II and I2, one of whichengages the lower fabric F and the other the upper fabric F. The doublefabric is split to form the two pile fabrics F, F by the knife ll whichis moved back and forth across the loom in a well known manner.

The various warp yarns provided to form the ground fabric of the upperand lower webs may constitute an upper set of warps l4 and a lower setll adapted to be shiftedby the harnesses it which may be actuated by theusual harness operating mechanism. The warp threads for one of the twowebs are supplied from the two warp.

' shots I! in the upper web and the other fusintroducing weft shots 2!in the lower web, and the weft shots may be beaten up by a reed 2| asusual.

except that the dents of the reed should be long enough to reach acrossboth sheds, as shown..

The reed 2| is clamped tothe reed holder 22 supported 'for rockingmovement in a general horizontal direction by the arms or lay 23 securedto the rock shaft 24. Docking movement is imparted to this shaft and thelay by the actuating arm 25 and link 20.

The tuft forming yarns o in the construction shown, are transferred fromthe lowermost tube frame 5 by nippers which for the most part may beconstructed in a well known manner. The nippers are formedof a frontnipper blade 21 and a rear nipper blade 2. secured to the nipper jaws 29pivoted upon the nipper Jaw shaft 30, and the blades are continuouslyurged toward each other by the springs ii. The plates are moved apart toadmit the set of yarns presented by the tube frame by shifting thenipper closing shaft 32 in the direction of its length to force thecones 33 between the outer ends of the laws 28. The

to the upper ends of the rocking arms 52.

arms 52 are secured to the shaft 52 having e'xnippers are closrd bysprings-2i upon movement of shaft 32 to withdraw the cones 83 from theouter ends of the laws 29-.

' The nippers are rotatably supported by the rocking arms 34 rigidlysecured to the rock shaft 2| iournaled upon the standards 2. Thearringement is such that the nippers are provided with the supportingbearings journaled in the arms 34 for rotation of the nippers about theaxis of the shaft 32. Rotative movement is imparted to the nippers byrigidly securing to one end of shaft 32 the pinion 31 which is engagedby the rack 20. This rack is shifted in the direction of its length bythe lever 39 pivoted at 40 and having its upper end pivotall connectedto the rack at 4|.

Rocking movement is imparted to the lever 39 by cam means, not shown,associated with its lower end. The desired raising and lowering of thearms 34 and nippers is controlled by the connecting rod 42 extendingdownwardly to cam controlled means. not shown.

Each time a row of tufts is to be presented to the weaving point thenippers are swung about the shaft 32 to their upper position and thearms 34 are raised to position the open laws of the nippers to engagethe yarns a presented by a tube frame 5. The nipper jaws are then closedto grip the yarns and the arms 34 are lowered to pull from. the spool ofthe tube frame a set of yarns of sumcient length. to provide for twocomplete tufts. The cooperating knives 43, 44 supported by the brackets45 are then operated in a well known manner to sever the yarns betweenthe tube frame and nippers.

' The nippers are then swung downwardly. as indicated by the arrows inFig. l, and during this rotation he arm 34 may be raised sufliciently tocause the outer ends of the nipper fingers to clear the adjustable pilebar I.

The fingers of the nipper blades 21, 28 are made long enough to extenddownwardly through both sheds, as shown in Fig. 8, and while thereed 2!is back the nippers are advanced from the position of Fig. 7 downwardlythrough the shed to carry the yarns a through both sheds, as shown in.Fig. 8. The nippers are then raised and moved frontwardly to lay theyarns aacross or folded around these respective wefts. Dif-- ferentconstructions may be employed to this end and in the constructiorlshownthe upper ends of the yarns a are folded about the holding shot It bythe nippers by moving these nippers downwardly in the upper sheds, andthen opening the nippers to release the yarns as'will be apparent fromFig. 10. A heel 48 upon each finger of the front nipper blader serves totuck the folded yarn a inwardly, as shown in Fig. 10.

' A comb 41 and comb plate 4' are employed in the construction shownto'fold the lower ends of the yarns upwardly around the lower holdingshot 20. The comb 41 is secured to a bar 49 and is operated witha'put-out and put-up moveinent by the comb bar arms 50 pivoted at ii Thetending downwardly therefrom the lever 54 which is rocked by the camoperated link 55 to move the comb 4'! rearwardly. The comb bar liftingrod 56 serves to move the comb upwardly through the lower warps, asshown in Fig. 10.

The comb plate 48 is secured to the arms 51, the forward ends of whichare pivotally connected to the links 58 pivoted at 5|. The arrangementis such that the comb and comb plate may move together or separately andthe latter may be yieldingly supported by the former. The comb plate 48serves to fold the downwardly extending yarn ends rearwardly about theholding shot to a. horizontal position and the comb 4! forces the endsupwardly between the warps about the holding shot, as shown in Fig. 10,whereupon the next inserted shots are beaten up as the nippers and combare withdrawn, as

willbe apparent from Fig. 11.

It is desirable to provide means to port and guide the nippers adjacentthe weaving point, and this may be accomplished by providing the fork 59(Fig. 2) formed at the upper end of the yieldingly supported lever 60pivoted at 6| to the rocking lever 52 which is pivoted to the machineframe 'at 63. The lower end of the fork lever 60 is guided by the forkcam rod 64 and the lever 60 is normally held in the raised position inwhich it is shown in full lines in Fig.

2 by the spring 65 connected to the lower end of this lever and havingits upper end anchored at 66. The notched portion of the fork 59'isadapted to receive a stud 61 upon the nippers and as the nippers arelowered into the shed the fork lever moves downwardly to the dotted lineposition of Fig. 2.

The nipper jaws are normally held closed by the springs 3| but areforced open to release thev yarns by the power actuated link 68 (Fig. 4)connected to one end of the bell crank lever 69 pivoted at 10 to thearm34. The other end of the lever 69 is connected to the cone rod 32 toshift the same in the direction of its length, as will be apparent fromFig. 4.

The various parts of the loom are operated in timed relation, largely bythe proper timing of the operating cams to weave the double tuft pilefabric having any desired pattern.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that the nippers 21, 28 operateto lay a double length of tuft forming yarns across the sheds so thatwhen the ends of the set of yarns a are looped about the upper andlowr'holding shots and folded inwardly by the action of the nippers andcomb, these ends will lie adjacent each other at the central plane ofthe double fabric where the pile is to be severed by the knife I3 toproduce the separate pile fabrics F, F.

What is claimed is:--

1. In a loom for weaving a double tuft pile fabric, the combination ofshedding mechanism for forming an upper and a lower shed, tuft yarnpresenters mounted for movement towards and from the weaving point, arocking arm by which the tuft yarn presenters are supported, and a linkconnected to the rocking arm and actuated by a going part of the loom toimpart to the arm and presenters an amplitude of movement sufficient tocarry the tuft yarns bodily through and beyond both sheds, then lift thepresenters to lay the tuft yarns across both sheds, and then turn one.

end about a holding weft shot; and comb mechanism and actuating meanstherefor for turning help supthe other end of the tuft yarns about aholdin 'frame above the warp, tuft yarn presenters mounted on saidmember, a tuft yarn presenter opener shaft mounted on said member, meansfor moving said shaft longitudinally to open the presenters to engagetuft yarns, a rod actuated from a going part of the loom and connectedto said rocking member to cause the presenters to carry-tuft yarnsthrough and beyond both sheds, then rise through both sheds, and thenturn the held end of the tuft yarns about a holding weft shot in oneshed, and comb mechanism for turning the other end of the tuft yarnsabout a weft shot in the other shed.

3. In a loom for weaving a double'tuft pile fabric, the combination ofshedding mechanism for forming an upper and a lower shed; tuft yarnpresenters mounted for movement towards and from the weaving point, arocking arm by which the tuft yarn presenters are supported, anauxiliary and yielding support engaged by the tuft y'arn presenters asthey move towards the weaving point, a link connected to the rocking armand actuated by a going partof the loom to impart to the arm andpresenters an amplitude of movement sufficient to carry the tuft yarnsbodily through and beyond both sheds, then lift the presenters to laythe tuft yarns across both sheds, and then turn one end about a holdingweft shot, and comb mechanism and actuating means therefor for turningthe other end of the tuft yarns about a holding weft shot in the othershed.

4. In a loom for weaving double tuft pile fabrics, the combination ofshedding mechanism lower shed, a rocking member mounted on the loomframe'above the warp, tuft yarn presenters mounted on said membenrackand pinion mechanism for turning thetuftyarn presenters about theirmounting on said member, a tuft yarn presenter opener shaft mounted onsaid member, means for moving said shaft longitudinally to open thepresenters to engage tuft yarns, a rod actuated from a going part of theloom and connected to said rocking member to cause the presenters tocarry tuft yarns through and beyond both sheds, then rise through bothsheds, then turn the held end of the tuft yarns about a holding weftshot in one shed, and comb mechanism for turning the other end of thetuft yarns about a weft shot in the other shed.

5. In a loom for weaving double pile fabrics, the combination of warpbeams, a plurality of heddles movable for manipulating warps from saidbeams to form sheds in different planes, needles for inserting weftsimultaneously in said sheds, supplies of tuft yarns, grippers fordrawing said tuft yarns from said supplies, means for severing saidgtuftyarns from said supplies, means for actuatingsaid grippers to insert thesevered lengths of yarn through said warps and turn the previouslygripped ends of said yarns around one around another of said weft shots,and means for actuating said comb.

RICHARD G.

